Input Output: Reasoning Questions with Answers – Free Practice!

Q. 1 Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions:
A word and number arrangement device when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them following a particular pattern in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement.
Input: 18 Quickly Teacher Pacer 40 28 86 Heaven
Step 1: Heave Quickl Teache Pace 40 28 86 18
Step 2: Heave 18 Quickl Teache Pace 40 28 86
Step 3: Heav 18 Pac 28 Quick Teach 40 86
Step 4: Hea 18 Pa 28 Quic 40 Teac 86
Step 5: He 18 P 28 Qui 40 Tea 86
And Step 5 is the last step of the above input.
As per the pattern followed in the above steps, find out in each of the following questions the appropriate step for the given input.
Input: 20 Quicker towel Parker 41 29 87 Harness

Which of the following will be the last step of the rearrangement?

Check Solution

Ans: D

In the given illustration:
1) In step 1, we arrange the smallest word as per alphabetical order in the left end and the smallest number in the right end. All the words are written with one letter being removed.
2) From second step, we arrange the smallest word as per alphabetical order and the smallest number from left to right with one letter being removed from every word till the end. A word and number are arranged simultaneously in each step.
Note: In second step, there will be no removing of words.
Now given input is:
Input: 20 Quicker towel Parker 41 29 87 Harness
Step 1: Harnes Quicke Towe Parke 41 29 87 20
Step 2: Harnes 20 Quicke Towe Parke 41 29 87
Step 3: Harne 20 Park 29 Quick Tow 41 87
Step 4: Harn 20 Par 29 Quic 41 To 87
Step 5: Har 20 Pa 29 Qui 41 T 87
Hence, Step V is the last step of the arrangement.

Q. 2 Direction: Study the following information and answer the question given below:
An alphabetical machine, when given an input of words rearranges them following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and step of rearrangement.
INPUT: COVER LAYER MINIMUM CONTROL AMAZE UNIQUE INITIAL ENTER FINAL EXIT
Step I: COVER LAYER MINIMUM CONTROL AMAZE INITIAL ENTER FINAL
Step II: COVER LAYER MINIMUM CONTROL FINAL
Step III: CONTROL COVER FINAL LAYER MINIMUM
Step IV: COVER FINAL LAYER CONTROL MINIMUM
Step IV is the final step of the arrangement.

Which word is third from left in Step II?

Check Solution

Ans: B

INPUT: FILES GRADE INSIDE AWARE ADVANCE PAIRS FOREIGN ALTER OVER TOWARDS
Logic:
Step I: Eliminate the words in which the total number of letters is even.
Step I: FILES GRADE AWARE ADVANCE PAIRS FOREIGN ALTER TOWARDS
Step II: Eliminate the words which start with vowel letters
Step II: FILES GRADE PAIRS FOREIGN TOWARDS
Step III: Arrange the words in the English alphabetical order from left to right.
Step III: FILES FOREIGN GRADE PAIRS TOWARDS
Step IV: Arrange the words from left to right in ascending order of the total number of alphabets in the word (if two words have the same number of letters then they are arranged as per alphabetical order)
Step IV: FILES GRADE PAIRS FOREIGN TOWARDS
Step IV is the final arrangement.

Q. 3 Direction: Read the information carefully and answer the questions given below.
A word arrangement machine when given an input of words, rearranges them by following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and steps rearrangement.
Input: 9 cat box 2 65 solve 47 when
Step 1: 65 9 cat box 2 solve 47 when
Step 2: 65 box 9 cat 2 solve 47 when
Step 3: 65 box 47 9 cat 2 solve when
Step 4: 65 box 47 cat 9 2 solve when
Step 5: 65 box 47 cat 9 solve 2 when
This is the final arrangement and Step 5 is the last step.
As per the rules followed in the given input, answer the question given below for the following input.

What is the difference between 80 and the number which is fourth from right end in step 5?

Check Solution

Ans: D

Logic: Numbers are arranged in descending order from left to right whereas words are arranged in dictionary order from left to right.
INPUT: denizen 41 denial 18 28 denitrify 5 63 denim denigrate
Step 1: 63 denizen 41 denial 18 28 denitrify 5 denim denigrate
Step 2: 63 denial denizen 41 18 28 denitrify 5 denim denigrate
Step 3: 63 denial 41 denizen 18 28 denitrify 5 denim denigrate
Step 4: 63 denial 41 denigrate denizen 18 28 denitrify 5 denim
Step 5: 63 denial 41 denigrate 28 denizen 18 denitrify 5 denim
Step 6: 63 denial 41 denigrate 28 denim denizen 18 denitrify 5
Step 7: 63 denial 41 denigrate 28 denim 18 denizen denitrify 5
Step 8: 63 denial 41 denigrate 28 denim 18 denitrify denizen 5
Step 9: 63 denial 41 denigrate 28 denim 18 denitrify 5 denizen
Fourth from right end in step 5 is 18
Difference = 80 – 18 = 62.
Hence, 62 is the correct answer.

Q. 4 Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions:
A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers, rearranges them following a particular hide in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers are two digit numbers).
Input: monk 79 bill rock 34 73 hole 80 sand fog 22 jam 60 99
Step I: sand 99 monk 79 bill rock 34 73 hole 80 fog 22 jam 60
Step II: sand rock 99 80 monk 79 bill 34 73 hole fog 22 jam 60
Step III: sand rock monk 99 80 79 bill 34 73 hole fog 22 jam 60
Step IV: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam 73 bill 34 hole fog 22 60
Step V: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam hole 73 60 bill 34 fog 22
Step VI: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam hole fog 73 60 34 bill 22
And Step VI is the last step of the above input, as the desired arrangement is obtained.
As per the followed in the above steps, find out in each of the following questions the appropriate step for the given input.
Input: 23 mat belt 50 car 36 73 hay 66 owl 40 sell fool 47

In which step are ‘47 23 belt car’ found in same order?

Check Solution

Ans: B

In the given illustration:
1) First three set of words are arranged in descending order as in dictionary and next to them, three set of numbers are arranged in descending order and so on.
2) The highest letter word is first arranged as per their position in dictionary and then the largest number is arranged next to it.
3) A word and number is arranged simultaneously in each step.
In first step, the highest letter word as per dictionary is arranged at left most position i.e. at beginning of the sentence and next to it, the largest number is arranged. Both word and number are arranged simultaneously in descending order and else all are shifted accordingly.
In step 2 next highest letter word is placed again at first position i.e. immediate right to the previously arranged word and next lowest number is placed after the previously arranged number i.e. immediate right to previously arranged number and else all are shifted accordingly.
The same process is followed till three set of words and three set of numbers are rearranged together from left to right in decreasing order, alternatively.
Input: 23 mat belt 50 car 36 73 hay 66 owl 40 sell fool 47
Step I: sell 73 23 mat belt 50 car 36 hay 66 owl 40 fool 47
Step II: sell owl 73 66 23 mat belt 50 car 36 hay 40 fool 47
Step III: sell owl mat 73 66 50 23 belt car 36 hay 40 fool 47
Step IV: sell owl mat 73 66 50 hay 47 23 belt car 36 40 fool
Step V: sell owl mat 73 66 50 hay fool 47 40 23 belt car 36
Step VI: sell owl mat 73 66 50 hay fool car 47 40 36 23 belt
Step VII: sell owl mat 73 66 50 hay fool car 47 40 36 belt 23

Q. 5 Direction: Study the following information and answer the question given below:
An alphabetical machine, when given an input of words rearranges them following a particular rule in each step. The following is an illustration of input and step of rearrangement.
INPUT: COVER LAYER MINIMUM CONTROL AMAZE UNIQUE INITIAL ENTER FINAL EXIT
Step I: COVER LAYER MINIMUM CONTROL AMAZE INITIAL ENTER FINAL
Step II: COVER LAYER MINIMUM CONTROL FINAL
Step III: CONTROL COVER FINAL LAYER MINIMUM
Step IV: COVER FINAL LAYER CONTROL MINIMUM
Step IV is the final step of the arrangement.

Which word is given between the words FOREIGN and TOWARDS in step I?

Check Solution

Ans: A

Q. 6 Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions:
A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers, rearranges them following a particular hide in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers are two digit numbers).
Input: monk 79 bill rock 34 73 hole 80 sand fog 22 jam 60 99
Step I: sand 99 monk 79 bill rock 34 73 hole 80 fog 22 jam 60
Step II: sand rock 99 80 monk 79 bill 34 73 hole fog 22 jam 60
Step III: sand rock monk 99 80 79 bill 34 73 hole fog 22 jam 60
Step IV: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam 73 bill 34 hole fog 22 60
Step V: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam hole 73 60 bill 34 fog 22
Step VI: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam hole fog 73 60 34 bill 22
And Step VI is the last step of the above input, as the desired arrangement is obtained.
As per the followed in the above steps, find out in each of the following questions the appropriate step for the given input.
Input: 23 mat belt 50 car 36 73 hay 66 owl 40 sell fool 47

How many elements (words or numbers) are there between ‘50′ and ‘36′ in the sixth step?

Check Solution

Ans: D

Q. 7 Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions:
A word and number arrangement device when given an input line of words and numbers rearranges them following a particular pattern in each step.The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement.
Input: run 144 small 256 is 169 number 225 road 196
Step I: is 144 run small 256 169 number 225 road 196
Step II: is 144 run 169 small 256 number 225 road 196
Step III: is 144 run 169 road 196 small 256 number 225
Step IV: is 144 run 169 road 196 small 225 256 number
Step V: is 144 run 169 road 196 small 225 number 256
And Step V is the last step of the above input. As per the pattern followed in the above steps, find out in each of the following questions the appropriate step for the given input
Input: dip 625 round 484 pistol 441 in 529 null 576

How many elements are there between ‘441’ and ‘null’ as they appear in the step I?

Check Solution

Ans: C

In the given illustration:
1) In the above process, numbers in the group have been arranged in an ascending order of square of the numbers.
2) In case of words in the group, they are arranged in ascending order as per the number of letter in the given word.
3) A word and number are arranged simultaneously in each step.
Step I: The first word as per number of least letter in the word placed at the leftmost corner along with the lowest number square in the given input. Both word and number are arranged simultaneously and else are shifted accordingly.
Step II: Next word have higher letter than previous word is placed at the second position i.e. immediate right to the previously arranged number and the number higher than previous square placed just next to the second word also the remaining shifted accordingly.
The same process is followed till all the words and numbers are rearranged as: All words in an order of increasing number of letters in the given word and numbers in ascending order of square of numbers.
Now given Input: dip 625 round 484 pistol 441 in 529 null 576
Step I: in 441 dip 625 round 484 pistol 529 null 576
Step II: in 441 dip 484 625 round pistol 529 null 576
Step III: in 441 dip 484 null 529 625 round pistol 576
Step IV: in 441 dip 484 null 529 round 576 625 pistol
Step V: in 441 dip 484 null 529 round 576 pistol 625
Hence there are six element in between the ‘441 and ‘null’ in step I.

Q. 8 Direction: Read the following information carefully to answer the questions given below:
A word arrangement machine when given an input line of words, it rearranges them following a particular rule hide in each step.
The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement.
Input: maintain duration advocate official bacteria informal taxpayer
Step I: amniatni udaritno etacovda laiciffo abtcreai lamrofni atpxyare
Step II: zlmhzsmh tczqhsmn dszbnucz kzhbheen zasbqdzh kzlqnemh zsowxzqd
Step III: hhlmmszz chmnqstz bcdnsuzz beehhknz abdhqszz ehklmnqz doqswxzz
Step IV: abdhqszz bcdnsuzz beehhknz chmnqstz doqswxzz ehklmnqz hhlmmszz
Step V: abdhqs bcdnsu bknz chmnqstz doqswx ehklmnqz ls
Step VI: bdhqs bcdns bknz chmnqstz dqswx hklmnqz ls
And Step V is the last step of the above input, as the desired arrangement is obtained.
As per the hides followed in the above steps, find out the appropriate steps for the given input and answer the questions given below.
Input: umbrella strength purchase keyboard withdraw valuable national

In the last step, which of the following word derives from the word ‘valuable’?

Check Solution

Ans: D

In the given illustration:
In step I:
Word starts from vowels are written in reverse order and the word starts from consonants are written as 1 st and 2 nd letter are interchanged, 3 rd and 4 th letter are interchanged and so on.
In step II:
Each letter in the words of step I is written one letter backward.
In step III:
Letters in each word is arranged as per the A-Z alphabetical order.
In step IV:
Words of step III are arranged as per the A-Z alphabetical order.
In step V:
Same pair of letters which are either consonant or vowel are deleted.
In step VI:
Vowels are deleted.
Now, following are the steps for given input:
Input: umbrella strength purchase keyboard withdraw valuable national
Step I: allerbmu tsergnht upcrahes ekbyaodr iwhtrdwa avulbael anitnola
Step II: zkkdqalt srdqfmgs tobqzgdr djaxzncq hvgsqcvz zutkazdk zmhsmnkz
Step III: adkklqtz dfgmqrss bdgoqrtz acdjqnxz cghqsvvz adkktuzz hkmmnszz
Step IV: acdjqnxz adkklqtz adkktuzz bdgoqrtz cghqsvvz dfgmqrss hkmmnszz
Step V: acdjqnxz adlqtz adtu bdgoqrtz cghqsz dfgmqr hkns
Step VI: cdjqnxz dlqtz dt bdgqrtz cghqsz dfgmqr hkns
So, step VI is the last step of the given input.
dt → adtu → adkktuzz → adkktuzz → avulbael → valuable

Q. 9 Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions:
A word and number arrangement machine when given an input line of words and numbers, rearranges them following a particular hide in each step. The following is an illustration of input and rearrangement. (All the numbers are two digit numbers).
Input: monk 79 bill rock 34 73 hole 80 sand fog 22 jam 60 99
Step I: sand 99 monk 79 bill rock 34 73 hole 80 fog 22 jam 60
Step II: sand rock 99 80 monk 79 bill 34 73 hole fog 22 jam 60
Step III: sand rock monk 99 80 79 bill 34 73 hole fog 22 jam 60
Step IV: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam 73 bill 34 hole fog 22 60
Step V: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam hole 73 60 bill 34 fog 22
Step VI: sand rock monk 99 80 79 jam hole fog 73 60 34 bill 22
And Step VI is the last step of the above input, as the desired arrangement is obtained.
As per the followed in the above steps, find out in each of the following questions the appropriate step for the given input.
Input: 23 mat belt 50 car 36 73 hay 66 owl 40 sell fool 47

What is the difference between the sum of first set of three numbers and the sum of next set of three numbers in the last step?

Check Solution

Ans: B

Q. 10 Direction: Read the following information carefully and answer the given questions
Input: 17 49 22 71 33 35 41 63 78 44
Step I: 17 22 49 71 33 35 41 63 78 44
Step II: 33 35 17 22 49 71 41 63 78 44
Step III: 33 53 71 22 94 17 14 36 87 44
Step IV: 35 33 72 12 91 47 13 46 84 74
As per the rule followed in the above steps find out the appropriate steps for the given input and answer the questions.

What is the sum of the numbers which is fourth from the left end in step II and fourth from the right in the last step?

Check Solution

Ans: B

The logic is as follows:
Step I: The first two smallest numbers are arranged in ascending order.
Step II: The next two smallest numbers are arranged in ascending order shifting the previously arranged one inward.
Step III: The digits of all the numbers are interchanged
Step IV: Taking a pair of numbers from the left-most side, the first two digits of the number pair are taken to form a number. Similarly, the second two digits of a number pair are taken to form the next number.
Input: 12 46 32 11 19 36 89 41 56 53 75 81
Step I: 11 12 46 32 19 36 89 41 56 53 75 81
Step II: 19 32 11 12 46 36 89 41 56 53 75 81
Step III: 91 23 11 21 64 63 98 14 65 35 57 18
Step IV: 92 13 12 11 66 43 91 84 63 55 51 78
Thus, Step IV is the last step.
The number which is fourth from the left end in step II = 12
The number which is fourth from the right end in step IV = 65
Sum = 12 + 63 = 75
Hence, 75 is the correct answer.